IN JUNE 2024 GRANTED PATENT US12,000,335 B2 ENABLING 66% CCGT AND 60% CHP (COMBINED HEAT AND POWER) WORLD RECORD ELECTRIC EFFICIENCY BY UTILISING EFFICIENTLY EXHAUST GASES HEAT BELOW H20 SUPERCRITICAL TEMPERATURE
US12,300,335 B2 is CEO/Founder personal patent. It may be more useful to utilize exhaust gases water vapor condensing heat by central heating and this description concern that situation. Solution is to reheat combined cycle Rankine steam for example at 0.7 bar instead of the current 20 bar. In optimal solution there is no other Rankine reheating. Reheating is made to about 550-600 K final temperature with splitted combustion gases mass flow in low temperature area heat-exchanger – parallel to main low temperature heat-exchanger, where water preheating occurs. About 2/3 of combustion gases mass flow is enough for water preheating and rest 1/3 is nearly exactly enough for steam reheating. The invention may appear to contradict the Carnot theory. But reheating is made with extra energy at low temperature area (1/3 of exhaust gases) and presently reheating is made indirectly with fuel burning meaning with combustion gas heat after gas turbine. This is especially unefficient concerning CHP application. If for example reheating is from 600 K to 873 K this means 736.5 K average temperature where heat is brought into the cycle. With 100 C Rankine cycle condensing temperature this gives 49.3% PART Carnot efficiency in present CCGT CHP applications meaning about 56-57% CHP electric efficiency. This is 6% lower than 60% CHP electric efficiency reachable with this innovation (Figure 10 of US patent). In addition CHP application reach world record electric efficiency 66% also when there is no need to utilize heat (in summer).
Also current combined cycle Rankine mass flow is smaller cause heat-exchanger exergy losses (related to temperature differences) are bigger or alternatively little higher gas turbine pressure ratio can be used. This means directly higher pure gas turbine efficiency. Please NOTE that even if in certain ”areas” temperature differences are smaller as a whole heat exchanger price would be about the same. This is cause same amount of heat is still utilized, (only) one evaporation level and also higher efficiency has positive impacts. As a result calculations with temperatures, turbine efficiencies, pressure losses etc. used in commercial CCGT enables world record CCGT electric efficiency 66% (presently 2024 about 64,4%). It is uncertain if there are any official studies in April 2025 even if also according to patent examination efficiency increase.
This kind of CCGT may increase power generation profit with tens of percents with especially in CHP application. Also CO2 taxes are then lower. Compared to 15-20 years old CCGT power plant possible money save may be nearly 500.000.000$ in ten years (600 MW unit). Then old power plants can be used as free reserve power for example in cold winter days solving problem related to renewable wind power (variable power generation). Related to that problem Systematic Power has also two innovations for electricity storage. The other is renewable hydrogen manufacturing related and other non-hydrogen solution. Better one offers probably world´s lowest electricity storage price even if both are very competitive. Please NOTE that Systematic Power has also extra innovation related to this original US12,300,335 B2 patent. TOP2 most important features of CCGT is efficiency and working when power changes. Extra innovation relate to one of these TOP2 features. Because patenting must be 100% perfectly made and extra innovation increase also Systematic Power revenues from original patent following is possible. We can consider to negotiate contract that certain (in euros) licence contract include free possible total rights of extra unpatented innovation for reasons mentioned before. Systematic Power has also very competitive single Rankine innovation enabling single Rankine world record efficiency. All kind of contracts related to other innovations negotiable.
Below link to US12,000,335 patent. Also other countries applied/patent coming.
TWO INVERTED BRAYTON TURBINE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE SYSTEM WITH LOW CO2 AND 30% FREE EXTRA POWER
This invention is 30% more energy efficient compared to present hybrid car engines. This means 2.5-3 litre/ 100 km fuel consumption without taking extra energy from battery. Efficiency is about 53% with 585 Celsius exhaust gas valve temperature. Advantage is high torque because of electric powertrain. Electric powertrain has typically 50-100 % higher torque and so extra 30% power from same engine may give possible 50% extra torgue. This is important because Atkinson type engine typically has a bit lower torque. In some applications there is no need for gearing (no gearing losses). Smaller, cheaper and lighter main engine give same total power because of extra generated power. CO2 taxes are also lower and it’s easy for manufacturers to reach EU CO2 reducing requirements. Engine is flexible with part load and variable RPM and there are also much less particles compared with present engines. This is cause volume flow (at 0.2 bar) is 4-5 times larger. There isn’t typical turbo lag with this naturally aspirated engine. Driving range is also 30% longer and ethanol application has zero CO2 emissions and so lower global CO2 compared with 100% EV’s.
Diesel power plant/marine advanced ETC (Electric Turbo Compounding) system has 55% electric efficiency. With natural gas CHP electric efficiency may be 55-57% because of higher maximum temperature. Invention is based with simultaneous Atkinson cycle and exhaust gas expansion in two ETC (Electric Turbo Compounding) inverted Brayton cycle turbines to appr. 0.2 bar after second turbine. Exhaust gases are compressed to 1 atm with 2 stage compression resulting with simultaneous Atkinson cycle to lower min pressure of system and so more work is got with higher efficiency. This is triple more efficient than present ETC systems and generated electricity is utilisized. Free calculations available if You ask (53% eff. ) are made for non-diesel hybrid car application. Two stage fuel injection is useful in diesel application. Note that also normal present diesel can be used if little natural gas is fed with air. Much heat is generated and CHP electric efficiency is World Record 55-57%. Diesel is useful in balancing wind power. This invention has high part load efficiency and quick start up. Also efficiency is high with 1-10 MW size plant. In winter ETC unit may generate 10% more extra power because compressor power need is lower. In summer power need is also low because water vapour formed during combustion is condensed and pressurized with pump with minimal energy.
Below US patent application. DE, GB and FI also exists.